Waist-to-Height & Waist-to-Hip Ratio
WHtR and WHR, markers of abdominal fat
How it's calculated
WHtR (waist-to-height ratio) = waist circumference / height (same unit).
WHR (waist-to-hip ratio) = waist circumference / hip circumference.
Both are dimensionless. Example: waist 90 cm and height 175 cm → WHtR = 0.51.
How to interpret the result
WHtR (applies to both sexes):
| WHtR | Indication |
|---|---|
| < 0.5 | Lower risk |
| 0.5 – 0.6 | Increased risk |
| > 0.6 | High risk |
WHR — increased risk above 0.90 (men) and 0.85 (women) (WHO thresholds). Important: these are screening indicators, not a diagnosis; thresholds can vary by population and age.
Why it matters
Abdominal fat is more closely tied to cardiovascular and metabolic risk than total weight. The WHtR rule of thumb — "keep your waist to less than half your height" — is simple and valid across ages.
For a complete picture pair it with BMI and ideal weight; waist also feeds the metabolic syndrome criteria.
How to measure correctly
- Waist: standing, at end of expiration, midway between the lowest rib and the iliac crest (often at navel level), without compressing.
- Hips: at the widest point of the buttocks.
- Use a flexible tape, parallel to the floor, and the same unit for waist and height.
What to do about your result
Values above the thresholds suggest acting on lifestyle: a balanced diet, regular physical activity and reducing abdominal fat.
When to see a professional: if the ratios indicate increased risk or you have other risk factors, discuss it with your doctor.
Limitations
- They depend on correct waist measurement, which can vary between people.
- Thresholds can vary by ethnicity and age.
- They do not distinguish subcutaneous from visceral fat.
Related tools
Frequently asked questions
What is a good waist-to-height ratio?
What are the risk values for the waist-to-hip ratio?
Where exactly do I measure my waist?
WHtR or BMI: which is better?
Sources
- World Health Organization. Waist circumference and waist–hip ratio: report of a WHO expert consultation. Geneva: WHO; 2008.
- Ashwell M, Gunn P, Gibson S. Waist-to-height ratio is a better screening tool than waist circumference and BMI for adult cardiometabolic risk factors: systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes Rev. 2012;13(3):275-286.